Kajal's Blog: Javascript form validation

validateFormOnSubmit ( )

This is a main function that calls a series of subfunctions, each of which checks a single form element for compliance. If the element complies than sufunction returns an empty string. Otherwise it returns a message describing the error and highlight appropriate element with yellow.

function validateFormOnSubmit(theForm) {
var reason = "";

reason += validateUsername(theForm.username);
reason += validatePassword(theForm.pwd);
reason += validateEmail(theForm.email);
reason += validatePhone(theForm.phone);
reason += validateEmpty(theForm.from);

if (reason != "") {
alert("Some fields need correction:\n" + reason);
return false;
}

return true;
}

validateEmpty ( )

The function below checks if a required field has been left empty. If the required field is blank, we return the error string to the main function. If it’s not blank, the function returns an empty string.

function validateEmpty(fld) {

var error = "";

if (fld.value.length == 0) {
fld.style.background = 'Yellow';
error = "The required field has not been filled in.\n"
} else {
fld.style.background = 'White';
}
return error;
}

validateUsername ( )

The function below checks if the user entered anything at all in the username field. If it’s not blank, we check the length of the string and permit only usernames that are between 5 and 15 characters. Next, we use the JavaScript regular expression /\W/ to forbid illegal characters from appearing in usernames. We want to allow only letters, numbers and underscopes.
function validateUsername(fld) {
var error = "";
var illegalChars = /\W/; // allow letters, numbers, and underscores

if (fld.value == "") {
fld.style.background = 'Yellow';
error = "You didn't enter a username.\n";
} else if ((fld.value.length < 5) || (fld.value.length > 15)) {
fld.style.background = 'Yellow';
error = "The username is the wrong length.\n";
} else if (illegalChars.test(fld.value)) {
fld.style.background = 'Yellow';
error = "The username contains illegal characters.\n";
} else {
fld.style.background = 'White';
}
return error;
}

validatePassword ( )

The function below checks the password field for blankness and allow only letters and numbers - no underscopes this time. So we should use a new regular expression to forbid underscopes. This one /[\W_]/ allow only letters and numbers. Next, we want to permit only passwords that contain letters and at least one numeral. For that we use the seacrh() method and two more regular expressions: /(a-z)+/ and /(0-9)/.

validateEmail ( )

Next we want to see if the email address the user entered is real. This means that the input data must contain at least an @ sign and a dot (.). Also, the @ must not be the first character of the email address, and the last dot must at least be one character after the @ sign.

At first we check if the user entered anything at all in the email field. Next, we use regular expression and the test() method to check the field for a compliance. Also we will use trim() function that will trim leading whitespace off the string. This won’t be perfect validation — it is possible to slip not compliant addresses by it — but it's normally good enough.

validatePhone ( )

The function below checks if the phone number is valid. At first we use regular expression and the replace() method to clear out any spacer characters. Next, we use the isNaN() function to check if the phone number contain only numbers. At last we check the length of the string and permit only phone numbers with 10 digits.

HTML Form

This script accompanies an HTML form. When the user clicks the Submit button on the form, the form data is sent to a JavaScript validation function that checks each field to make sure that it is in the appropriate format. The HTML form could look something like this:

<html>
<head>
<title>Kajal's blog - JavaScript Tutorial</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Kajal's blog- JavaScript Tutorial</h1>

<form name="demo" onsubmit="return validateFormOnSubmit(this)" action="test.htm">
<table summary="Demonstration form">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><label for="username">Your user name:</label></td>
<td><input name="username" size="35" maxlength="50" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="pwd">Your password</label></td>
<td><input name="pwd" size="35" maxlength="25" type="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="email">Your email:</label></td>
<td><input name="email" size="35" maxlength="30" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="phone">Your telephone number:</label></td>
<td><input name="phone" size="35" maxlength="25" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<label for="from">Where are you :</label></td>
<td><input name="from" size="35" maxlength="50" type="text"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td><input name="Submit" value="Send" type="submit" ></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Kajal's Blog

Wednesday, January 13, 2010

Javascript form validation